逃避视角下乡村旅游行为特征、机制与模式——以南京高淳国际慢城为例

Characteristics,Mechanism and Pattern of Rural Tourism Behavior in Perspective of Escape: A Case Study of Gaochun International Slow City

以南京高淳国际慢城为例,运用因子分析、威尔科克森(Wilcoxon)符号秩检验和地理探测器等方法探讨乡村旅游地游客的逃避行为因子、旅游逃避后效果及形成机制。结果表明:①旅游逃避行为先后分为逃避动机和逃避效果两个维度。逃避动机主要由环境、社会关系、驱动力、自我、转换需求5个因子构成,逃避效果由自我、旅游条件、社会关系3个因子构成。②在自然环境、建筑环境、交通状况、基础设施、社会关系、融合程度、心理状态等方面,游客的逃避效果显著,但仍存在较大提升空间。③去往乡村旅游地的游客行为呈现出自我转变、关系逃避、游憩休整、环境逃避4种模式;在5个逃避因子中,环境因子的解释力和显著性最为突出,交互提升效果最强。④在动态的逃避行为中,显性逃避因子具有直接触发功能,但在旅游逃避效果中,隐性因子更为突出。显性因子和隐性因子的交替作用对乡村旅游发展具有指示意义。

Taking the slow city Gaochun as an example,this paper discussed the escape behavior factor and effects of rural tourist based on the method of factor analysis and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Geographic detector was applied to reveal the formation mechanism of tourism escape behavior. The results show that:① Tourism escape behavior can be divided into two dimensions. Among which the escape motivation was mainly composed of environment,social relations,driving force,self and transformation requirements,as well as the avoid effect by self,tourism conditions,social relationships.② It was remarkable that tourists feel better after escaping,involving in natural environment,architectural environment,traffic conditions,infrastructure,social relations,the degree of integration,and the psychological state. However,for the escape effect,there was still great room for improvement.③ There were four types of tourists in the rural tourist destination,they were self-transformation type,relationships escape type,leisure type,and environment escape type. Environmental factor was the most outstanding in explanatory power and significance in these five escape factors. Moreover,it was the strongest in the interaction effect of environmental factor.④ Dominant escape factor contained directly trigger function,whereas the recessive factor was more outstanding in escape effect in the dynamic escape behavior. The interaction between dominant factor and recessive factor played a guiding role in the development of rural tourism.