基于营养级视角的遵义市城乡居民膳食结构研究

Study on dietary structure consumption structure of urban and rural residents in Zunyi city based on nutritional level

营养级可对居民复杂的人类膳食结构进行统一量化,研究人类生态系统物质循环能量流动。利用2001—2016年贵州省遵义市城乡居民食物消费数据,对城乡居民营养级进行分析。结果表明,研究期间城镇居民的营养级由2.18增至2.29,农村居民的营养级由2.07增至2.16;蔬菜对城镇营养级贡献率最大,达28.2%,粮食对农村居民的营养级贡献率高达42.46%,动物性食品对城镇居民营养级的平均贡献率高于对农村居民营养级的贡献率;城镇居民营养级呈先增加后降低趋势,农村居民营养级呈现2种增速。由此看来,市场价格、人畜共患病和健康知识等对城乡居民营养级的影响存在差异,城镇居民营养级受人畜共患病等影响较多,而农村居民营养级受市场价格波动影响较大。

Nutrition level can quantify the complex human dietary structure and study the material circulation and energy flow in human ecosystem. Based on the data of food consumption of urban and rural residents in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province from 2001 to 2016, the nutritional grade of urban and rural residents was analyzed. The results showed that the nutritional level of urban residents increased from 2.18 to 2.29, and that of rural residents increased from 2.07 to 2.16. Vegetables contributed the most to urban nutritional level(28.2%) and food contributed 42.46% to rural residents. The average contribution rate of animal food to urban residents' nutritional level was higher than that to rural residents' nutritional level. The level of nutrition increased first and then decreased, and the level of nutrition of rural residents showed two growth rates. From this point of view, the impact of market price, zoonosis and health knowledge on the nutrition of urban and rural residents is different. Urban residents' nutritional level is more affected by zoonosis, while rural residents' nutritional level is more affected by market price fluctuations.