多EFP定向聚焦战斗部设计与优化

Design and Optimization of Directional and Focusing Multi-EFP Warhead

为了实现弹药的高效毁伤,设计了一种可以同时实现定向和聚焦的多爆炸成型弹丸(EFP)战斗部,论述了多EFP定向聚焦战斗部结构与原理,分析了展开角度与EFP数目密度之间的关系。为得到最优的战斗部结构参数,以EFP的速度和总数为目标函数建立了战斗部参数多目标优化模型,并采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法得到了Pareto最优解。在优化得到的战斗部参数基础上,对优化结构下的单个装药单元结构形成EFP过程进行了数值计算,并分析了靶距10、15m和20m下战斗部聚焦能力随定向瓣展开角的变化趋势。结果显示优化结构下的EFP初速达到2283.4m·s^-1,飞行稳定时经公式计算可穿透35.94mm的45号钢靶;在靶距15m处,定向瓣最佳展开角为91.15°,EFP数目密度为169枚·m^-2。

To achieve efficient damage of the ammunition,a directional and focusing multiple explosively formed penetrator (EFP)warhead was designed. The structure and operational principle of the warhead,and the relation between deployment angle and number density of EFP on the target were described. In addition,to obtain the optimal structural parameters of the warhead, the multi-objective optimization model of warhead parameters was established with the velocity and total number of EFP as the objective function,and the Pareto optimal solution was obtained by NSGA-Ⅱ genetic algorithm. Based on the optimized parameters of the warhead,the EFP formation process of the single charge structure under the optimized structure was numerically simulated,and the change of the focusing ability of warhead with the deployment angle of directional segment at different target distance(10,15 m and 20 m)was analyzed. Results show that the initial velocity of EFP under the optimized structure reaches to 2283.4 m·s^-1. When the EFP is stable,the calculation from formula shows that it can penetrate 35.94 mm thick 45 steel target. At the target distance of 15 m,the optimal deployment angle of the directional segment is 91.15°,and the EFP number density is 169 per square meter.