工艺参数对激光-电弧复合焊缝成形及拉伸性能的影响

Effects of Process Parameters on Weld Formation and Tensile Properties of Hybrid Laser-Arc Welding

以8mm厚的304不锈钢为试验材料,采用高功率碟片激光与熔化极电弧复合焊接的方法,开展了全熔透焊接工艺试验研究,分析了送丝速度、激光功率、焊接速度、光丝间距等工艺参数对焊缝成形及焊接接头拉伸性能(抗拉强度、延伸率)的影响。结果表明,增大送丝速度能够减少底部驼峰及咬边现象的产生,改善焊缝成形,在一定范围内能够提高焊缝抗拉强度和延伸率;但当送丝速度超过一定值时,再继续增大送丝速度会导致抗拉强度降低;提高激光功率或减小焊接速度可减少驼峰和消除咬边现象,但会降低接头抗拉强度和延伸率。当光丝间距在1 mm时,焊缝成形较好,焊接接头的抗拉强度及延伸率较好,获得的无咬边和驼峰缺陷的焊接接头抗拉强度可达695 MPa,达到母材的97.89%,延伸率为 41.5%,达到母材的76.85%。

Full pen etrati on weldi ng process experime nts had bee n carried out on 8 mm 304 sta ini ess steel by hybrid laser-arc weld ing using high power disk laser and MIG arc. The effects on the weld formation and tensile property (tensile strength, elongation) of wire feeding speed, laser power, welding speed, distance between laser and arc were studied. The results show that it can decrease back hump and eliminate undercut leading weld formation improvement with increasing wire feeding speed. And it can improve tensile strength and elongation, but if the wire feeding speed is too big, the tensile strength would decrease. It can decrease back hump and eliminate undercut by enhancing laser power but the tensile strength and elongation would decrease. When the distance between laser and arc is 1 mm, it can obtain a good weld formation and the tensile strength and elongation are better. The tensile strength and elongation can be up to 695 MPa and 41.5%, which reach 97.89% and 76.85% of the base material, respectively.