从残缺到系统:中国老年护理专业化发展研究

From Incomplete to Systematic: A Study on the Development of Professional Geriatric Nursing in China

中国目前4千多万失能半失能老人的养老,既考验着政府、社会和家庭的责任能力及爱心,又是老年人护理问题研究的重点。只进行基本生活照料的家庭保姆式护理,不能满足这部分老人多层次系统护理需求,但专业老年护理机构和护理人员又严重缺乏。针对老年护理人员专业知识匮乏及残缺的护理现状,北京C养老机构以人为本,运用马斯洛需要层次理论,为构建老年护理系统培训和系统护理的体系进行了有益尝试。需要注意的是,老年护理专业化发展应被置于当代中国养老事业中进行宏观系统考察,同时增进政府功能,增加科技含量,构建机构、社区和家庭老年护理的多样结合体系,也是较为积极有效的措施。

A test of the responsibility and love of the government,society and family, the nursing of more than 40 million disabled and semi-disabled elderly in China is the focus of the research on the nursing of the elderly. While family nursing that only deals with the basic life needs of the elderly cannot meet the needs of the elderly for multi-level systematic nursing,there is a serious shortage of professional elderly nursing institutions and paramedics. In view of the lack of professional knowledge of the paramedics and incomplete elderly nursing system, Beijing C Aged Care Institution has attempted to develop a professional training system for elderly nursing according to Maslow’s theory about hierarchy of needs. It should be noted that professionalization of geriatric nursing should be put in the context of contemporary Chinese old-age care for a macro-systematic review. Measures can also be taken to improve government functions,strengthen the role of science and technology and establish a diversified comprehensive system of institutional,community and family geriatric nursing.