再论动词“吃”对“食”的历时替换

On the Diachronic Substitution of Verb “吃”to“食”in Modern Chinese

表示“(人和动物)吞进……(食物)”义在中古时期一般用“食”,“喫”作为一个古代口语词在魏晋南北朝时期开始出现在口语中替代“食”频繁使用,“吃”在元明时期开始与“喫”出现混用,最终在明清时期“吃”完成了对“食”在动词义“(人和动物)吞进……(食物)”的历时替换。拟从词义演变的角度,通过定量和词语搭配方面的分析方法观察“吃”对“喫”与“食”的历时替换问题,以期更好地探究常用词的演变规律。

In the Middle ages in China,the word “食”in Chinese are usually used to indicate the meaning of swallowing something.while the word “喫”as an ancient spoken Chinese word began to appear during the Wei,the Jin and the Southern and Northern Dynasties.The word “吃”began to mix with that of “食” in the Yuan and the Ming Dynasties,and finally the word “吃”has substituted that of “食”in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties.From the perspective of the evolution of word meaning,it is necessary to observe the diachronic replacement of the two words “吃” and “食” in chinese through quantitative analysis and collocation analysis.