土地发展权视角下宅基地有偿退出路径

The Exit Path of Homestead Use Right: Perspective of Land Development Right

随着我国城镇化与工业化快速推进,大量农民进城务工、定居,“一户多宅”现象的普遍存在,农村宅基地闲置问题突出。农村宅基地节约利用需要以盘活农村闲置宅基地为突破口,但农民是否愿意退出宅基地,取决于他们对宅基地退出的预期收益与成本的比较。而宅基地退出类型的差异决定了宅基地退出补偿的资金来源也各不相同,但各类补偿金的筹集渠道均存在一定的局限性。因此,应在完善宅基地用益物权的基础上,赋予农民宅基地发展权,拓展农民的农地权利,使农民不仅拥有农地产权的退出权,而且拥有获得公平补偿的权利。

With the rapid progress of urbanization and industrialization in our country,on the one hand,numerous of farmers working and settling in cities and the phenomenon of“one household with more than one house”is common,and the problem of idle rural homestead is prominent.On the other hand,there is a serious shortage of land for urban construction in China.These two conditions make it necessary to explore the paid exit path of peasant homestead.The difference of the type of home base withdrawal determines that the source of funds for home base withdrawal compensation is also different,but there are certain limitations in the fundraising channels of various types of compensation funds.On the basis of improving the real rights of home base,farmers should be given the right to develop home base.To expand farmers’rights to agricultural land,farmers not only have the right to withdraw from the property rights of agricultural land,but also have the right to obtain fair compensation.