先秦诸子“义利观”与当代经济伦理建构

Pre-Qin Philosophers’ Viewpoint on Justice,Interests and the Construction of Contemporary Economic Ethics

义利观是社会各阶层的经济利益及力量对比在道德领域的一种反映,涉及道义原则与功利原则两种价值取向以及伦理思维。正确理解义与利的关系,形成正确的义利观,对建构当代经济伦理具有重要的引领价值。而先秦诸子对义与利的剖析,或“重义轻利”形成义利对立,或“贵义兼利”取得兼容,或“崇法尚利”有重利轻义倾向,或“绝义弃利”形成义利并轻,对后世影响深远,也成为中国义利观的源头活水。从经济伦理的角度,基于人性论、伦理学思想、经济学思想等,分析先秦诸子“义利观”的基本内容,归纳各家经济伦理思想的基本特征,探讨先秦诸子“义利观”对当代中国经济伦理研究与实践的意义,应具有良好的现实作用。

The viewpoint on justice and interests is a reflection of the economic interests and comparative forces of various social strata in the field of morality,which involves two value orientations and ethics thoughts:moral principle and utilitarian principle.A correct understanding of the relationship between justice and interests and the formation of a viewpoint on justice and interest are of great guiding value to the construction of contemporary economic ethics.Various analysis of pre-Qin philosophers on justice and interests have a far-reaching influence on later generations and become the source of traditional Chinese viewpoint on justice and interests,for instance:“justice outweighing benefits” which makes them stand in contrast with each other;or “justice and interests” which achieves compatibility of them;or “law and benefit worship” which tends to emphasize benefit while neglecting justice;or “justice abandon and interest abandon” which neglects both of them.From the perspective of economic ethics,based on the theory of human nature,ethics and economics,this paper analyses the basic content of pre-Qin philosophers' viewpoint on justice and interests,summarizes the basic characteristics of each economic ethics thought,and explores its significance and positive realistic effects to the study and practice of contemporary Chinese economic ethics.