分析在脑外伤患者护理工作中开展人性化护理的方法及效果

To Analyze the Methods and Effects of Humanized Nursing in the Nursing of Patients with Brain Trauma.

目的研究脑外伤患者实施人性化护理模式的护理效果。方法选择76例于该院接受脑外伤治疗的患者,纳入时间为2016年8月—2017年8月,采用随机数字表法将其分为实验组与参照组,每组38例。其中参照组采用常规脑外伤护理方式,实验组行人性化护理模式,对比2组患者护理前后心理状态评分及并发症。结果实验组护理前焦虑评分(68.78±7.16)分、抑郁评分(67.48±7.02)分、自尊评分(22.97±2.11)分;参照组分别为(69.15±7.47)分、(67.09±7.41)分、(23.06±2.08)分,组间对比(t=0.2204、0.2355、0.1872,P=0.8261、0.8144、0.8519)。2组患者护理前心理状态评分差异性较低(P>0.05)。实验组护理后焦虑评分(37.23±4.43)分、抑郁评分(34.48±3.19)分、自尊评分(45.16±3.47)分;参照组分别为(47.26±4.18)分、(45.29±4.25)分、(36.85±3.91)分(t=10.1512、12.5399、9.7989,P=0.0000、0.0000、0.0000)。护理后患者心理状态得以改善,实验组护理后焦虑评分、抑郁评分与参照组相比较低,与参照组比较,实验组自尊评分较高。实验组下肢深静脉血栓1例,占比2.63%;出血1例,占比2.63%;总并发症2例,占比5.26%;参照组下肢深静脉血栓3例,占比7.89%;出血4例,占比10.53%;肺部感染2例,占比5.26%;脑梗塞1例,占比2.63%;总并发症10例,占比26.32%。组间对比(χ^2=6.3333,P=0.0118)。与参照组(26.32%)相比,实验组下肢深静脉血栓、出血、肺部感染、脑梗塞等术后并发症发生率(5.26%)较低。实验组护理满意23例,占比60.53%;一般12例,占比31.58%;不满意3例,占比7.89%;总满意35例,占比92.11%。参照组护理满意11例,占比28.95%;一般15例,占比39.47%;不满意12例,占比31.58%;总满意26例,占比68.42%。组间对比(χ^2=6.7278,P=0.0094)。实验组脑外伤护理满意度(92.11%)与参照组(68.42%)相比较低,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用人性化护理于脑外伤治疗期间效果令人满意,患者在院治疗期间心理状态较好,且术后并发症发生比例较低,应予以临床推广。

Objective To study the nursing effect of humanized nursing mode for patients with brain trauma.Methods 76 patients with brain trauma in our hospital were enrolled from August 2016 to August 2017.They were divided into experimental group and control group by random number table method,38 cases in each group.The reference group was given routine nursing care for brain trauma,while the experimental group was given humanized nursing care.The mental state scores and complications before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results In the experimental group,pre-nursing anxiety score (68.78±7.16)points,depression score (67.48±7.02)points and self-esteem score (22.97 ± 2.11)points were scored.(t=0.220 4,0.235 5,0.187 2,P=0.826 1,0.814 4,0.8519),respectively.There was a low difference in psychological state score between the two groups before nursing (P>0.05).In the experimental group,anxiety score (37.23 ± 4.43)points,depression score (34.48 ± 3.19)points and self-esteem score (45.16±3.47)points were scored after nursing care.(t=10.151 2,12.539 9,9.798 9,0.000 0,0.000 0,0.000 0).After nursing,the psychological state of the patients was improved.After nursing,anxiety score and depression score of the experimental group were lower than those of the reference group,and self-esteem score of the experimental group was higher than that of the reference group.In the experimental group,1 case of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis was found,accounting for 2.63%.Bleeding occurred in 1 case,accounting for 2.63%.Total complications were 2 cases,accounting for 5.26%.In the reference group,3 cases of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(7.89%) were found.Bleeding occurred in 4 cases,accounting for 10.53%.Pulmonary infection was found in 2 cases,accounting for 5.26%.One case of cerebral infarction,accounting for 2.63%;Total complications were 10 cases,accounting for 26.32%.(χ^2=6.333 3,P=0.011 8).Compared with the control group (26.32%),the incidence of postoperative complications (5.26%) such as deep vein thrombosis,hemorrhage,pulmonary infection,cerebral infarction and so on in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (26.32%).The nursing satisfaction in the experimental group was 23 cases,accounting for 60.53%.General 12 cases,accounting for 31.58%;Dissatisfaction was found in 3 cases,accounting for 7.89%.Total satisfaction was 35 cases,accounting for 92.11%.The nursing satisfaction of the reference group was 11 cases,accounting for 28.95%.General 15 cases,accounting for 39.47%;12 cases were dissatisfied,accounting for 31.58%.The total satisfaction was 26 cases,accounting for 68.42%.(χ^2=6.727 8,P=0.009 4).Compared with the control group (68.42%),the satisfaction degree of the experimental group (92.11%) with the care of traumatic brain injury was lower,and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion The effect of humanized nursing during the treatment of brain trauma is satisfactory.The psychological state of patients during the treatment in hospital is good,and the incidence of complications after operation is low.It should be popularized in clinic.