排球扣球和拦网技术落地动作的研究

本文通过对排球运动扣球和拦网后落地动作的研究,探究扣球和拦网动作落地时地面对人体垂直方向上的反作用力。研究将16名运动员分为2组进行10次扣球,二号位、四号位分别进行10次拦网三个动作,并用三维测力台和三维运动影响捕捉系统对运动员动力学和运动学数据进行捕捉。研究发现:(1)由于扣球动作需要更大力量来达到最大高度,因此每次扣球动作的垂直反作用力均比拦网动作的垂直反作用力大;(2)通过对扣球、二号四号位拦网三个动作和双脚受力的分析,进行二号位的拦网时右脚的垂直反作用力明显高于左脚;(3)所有运动员之间存在较大的个体差异,教练员在制定训练计划进行训练之前必须对运动员的技术进行全面的检查和纠正。

The present study explores the Vertical Ground Reaction Forces(VGRF) during landings when spike and block landings in volleyball. 16 athletes were divided into two groups for 10 times of spikes, and the second and fourth positions for 10 times of blocks, landing on two Kistler force plates. Kinematic data were also obtained using a Qualisys motion capture system. The research results and conclusions are as follows:(1)Because the spike action needs more strength t o r each t he maximum h eight, t he VGRF of each spike action is larger t han t hat of t he block action.(2)Through the analysis of the spike and block landing actions in position No.2 and 4, the VGRF of the right foot in block No.2 is signif icantly higher than that of the left foot.(3)There are great individual differences among all athletes, so coaches must comprehensively check and correct the skills of athletes before making training plans.