对我国产业政策与企业研发投资制度背景的评论

Comments on Institutional Background of Industrial Policies and R&D Investment in China

对我国产业政策和企业研发相关的制度背景作了梳理,并提出产业政策在促进企业创新行为方面应关注的细节:必须把私人部门的主动性纳入到公共政策框架中,发挥政府政策的战略引导和协调作用;对产业政策的分析,应把注意力集中在如何使政策过程变得更为合理,即如何设计一个能使私人部门与政府部门一起合作来解决生产领域问题的政策;政府部门与私人部门必须保持适当距离,力求使腐败和寻租最小化;针对那些限制“自主发现”活动的信息外部性,最优的政策是对新的、非传统产业的投资进行补贴,且将事前补贴与事后监督相结合;获得补贴的活动,必须明显具有提供外溢和示范效应的潜力。

This paper reviews the institutional background of industrial policies and R & D in China,and proposes the details for the industrial policies to care in promoting innovative behavior of enterprises:The private sector initiative must be incorporated into the public policy framework so that the strategic direction and coordinated role of the governmental policies could be realized;The analysis of industrial policies should focus on how to make the policy process more reasonable,which means how to design a system that enables the private sectors and government departments to work together to solve the production problem;government departments and the private sectors must keep proper distance in order to minimize corruption and power rent-seeking;The optimal policy for the information externality limiting “self-discovery” activities is to subsidize the new and non-traditional industries,and subsidization before the case and supervision after it should be combined;The subsidies must have clear potential to provide spillover and demonstration effects.