清代吐鲁番札萨克旗的几个问题

Some Issues about Turpan Jasagh Banner in Qing Dynasty

在特殊的历史背景下,额敏和卓受封札萨克辅国公二十余年后,吐鲁番札萨克旗才正式设立于瓜州。该旗初设时计有15个佐领,并在之后基本维持了这一建制。由于吐鲁番札萨克旗为清朝统一新疆和维护新疆社会稳定作出了重要贡献,额敏和卓家族受到清朝的倚重,在获封爵位及社会影响力等方面,均居于回部上层首位。其后,为防患于未然,清朝曾及时削弱了吐鲁番札萨克旗的实力。此外,札萨克旗制下的落后生产关系,也曾阻碍当地社会的全面发展。新疆建省后,吐鲁番改土归流,札萨克旗不复存在。

Under the particular historical background, Turpan Jasagh Banner formally established in Guazhou more than twenty years later than Emin Khoja ( a Hui-Bu noble family) was sealed as Fu-Guo Duke of Jasagh. When initially established, Turpan Jasagh Banner had 15 companies and basically maintained this formation thenceforth. As Turpan Jasagh Banner made important contributions to the Qing Dynasty's reunification of Xinjiang and the maintenance of social stability, Emin Khoja family, was favored by the Qing governors, became the top one among Hui-Bu ( Hui tribal) nobilities in terms of receiving titles from Qing royal administration and also the influence on societies. However, in order to prevent potential threat in the future, Qing governors had weakened the strength of the Turpan Jasagh Banner appropriately. In addition, the outdated production relationships under the Jasagh Banner system had also hindered the overall development of the Turpan society. After Xinjiang Province established, Turpan was managed by native officers under the Qing governing system and Jasagh Banner no longer existed.