蚯蚓-菌根互作对滨海盐碱土的改良作用

Meliorative effect of earthworm-mycorrhiza interaction on coastal saline soil

为改良滨海盐碱地不良的土壤理化性质,使其适合作物生长,从生物改良角度,研究蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)与丛枝菌根真菌(Rhizophagus intraridices)互作对滨海盐碱地的改良作用。采用盆栽试验,以玉米为研究对象,设置不加菌根和蚯蚓(CK)、接种菌根真菌(AM)、添加蚯蚓(EW)、添加蚯蚓和菌根真菌(AM+EW)共4个处理,测定不同处理土壤理化性质及玉米生长相关指标。结果表明:添加蚯蚓和接种菌根真菌均能降低土壤pH及水溶性全盐含量(P<0.05),提高玉米对土壤养分的吸收(P<0.05)。同时,蚯蚓能促进菌根真菌的定殖(P<0.05),二者互作使土壤水溶性全盐含量降低25.4%,玉米根系表面积增加51.8%,对氮磷钾的吸收量分别提高31.1%、21.0%、48.3%,地上部生物量提高80.2%。因此,在滨海盐碱地添加蚯蚓及菌根真菌可降低土壤pH及水溶性全盐含量,改善植物根际环境,促进玉米根系生长,促进其对土壤养分的吸收,提高玉米养分及生物量。

In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of the coastal saline soil and make it suitable for crop growth,this study studied the interaction of earthworms(Eisenia fetida) and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(Rhizophagus intraridices) on the coastal saline soil.In a pot experiment,4 treatments were designed and maize was taken as the research object:no mycorrhizal or earthworms(CK);inoculated mycorrhizal fungi(AM);added earthworms(EW);added earthworms and mycorrhizal fungi(AM+EW).The soil physical and chemical properties and growth indexes under different treatments were determined.The results showed that adding earthworms and inoculating mycorrhizal fungi reduced soil pH and the content of total salt(P<0.05),and improved maize nutrient uptake(P<0.05).Earthworms promoted the colonization of mycorrhizal fungi(P<0.05).The interaction between earthworms and mycorrhiza fungi reduced the content of water soluble total salt by 25.4%.The interaction increased the surface area of maize roots by 51.8%,the absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium by 31.1%,21%,48.3% respectively,and the shoot biomass by 80.2%.In conclusion,adding earthworms and mycorrhizal fungi to the coastal saline soil reduced the soil pH and the content of water soluble total salt,improved the rhizosphere environment of plants and the nutrient and biomass of maize in soil,and promoted the growth of maize roots and absorption of soil nutrients.