欧盟学徒制治理基本框架、内涵与借鉴

Governanceof Apprenticeships in EU: Framework Connotation And Enlightment

近年来,面对日益严峻的经济社会挑战,欧盟已将学徒制作为一种重要的政策工具。学徒制能否取得成功一个决定性因素是学徒制的治理,即有效协调学徒制中不同主体行为的模式与机制。根据各国学徒制的实践,欧盟构建了学徒制治理的基本框架,以推动学徒制的有效与可持续实施,该框架包括法律框架、职能分配、多元主体参与、质量保证、实施导向、资金保障制度安排等六个方面。可积极借鉴欧盟经验,结合我国的现实需求,构建符合我国国情及职业教育发展实践的学徒制治理框架。

In recent years, apprenticeships have been widely acknowledged as an important policy tool to respond to the current socioeconomic challenges that the European Union (EU) faces. While, the appropriate patterns and mechanisms for coordinating activities of different actors, referred to as ' governance', are crucial for the successful implementation of apprenticeship. According to the implementation of apprenticeship in the member states, the EU identifies the governance structures for apprenticeship, including legal framework, allocation of strategic and operational functions, involvement of the various bodies, quality assurance and developmentstrategies, balanced outcome andinput orientation, and financing arrangements to support effective and sustainable implementation of apprenticeship. Based on the experiences of EU, we could form the governance structures for apprenticeship to promote the effective implementation of apprenticeship in China.