马克思“个人所有制”思想研究

Research on Marx's Thought of “Individual Ownership”

在马克思"个人所有制"思想中,"个人所有制"是指通过对资本主义生产方式的否定而形成的公有制存在形态。马克思认为,资本主义生产方式"极度发展"所产生出来的信用制和股份制为从资本主义生产方式转向新的生产方式提供了"过渡点",而在资本主义生产方式内部产生的"工人自己的合作工厂"积极地扬弃了资本与劳动的对立。这表明,资本主义生产方式在其发展中必然会合乎规律地产生自我否定的因素,而"个人所有制"正是资本主义生产方式自我否定的历史结果。在我国社会主义市场经济充分发展前提下,马克思这一思想对于探讨新的公有制实现形式具有十分重要的启发意义。

In Marx’s thought of "individual ownership","individual ownership" refers to the existing form of public ownership formed by negating the capitalist mode of production.Marx believed that the credit system and stock system produced by the "extreme development" of the capitalist mode of production provided a "transition point" from the capitalist mode of production to the new mode of production. However, the "workers’ own cooperative factories" produced within the capitalist mode of production have actively abandoned the opposition between capital and labor. This shows that the capitalist mode of production in its development is bound to produce the self-negation factor. The "individual ownership" is the historical result of self-negation of capitalist mode of production. Under the premise of the full development of China’s socialist market economy, Marx’s thought has very important enlightening significance for discussing the new realization form of public ownership.