合肥市45～60岁人群的膳食模式与肥胖和高血压的关联性研究

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIETARY PATTERN,OBESITY AND HYPERTENSION IN POPULATION AGED 45-60 YEARS IN HEFEI

目的了解合肥市中年人群的膳食模式,分析探讨不同膳食模式与肥胖、高血压相关指标之间的关系。方法采取随机抽样的方法,对合肥市1776名45~60岁中年人群膳食、生活方式进行调查。结果 (1)因子分析得出4种膳食模式,即"肉类模式","传统模式","小吃速食模式","高盐型模式";(2)体质指数(body mass index, BMI)和腰围(waistcircumference,WC)在"肉类模式"和"传统模式"不同组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);腰臀比(waist-hipratio,WHR)在"传统模式"的不同组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压(systolic blood pressure, SBP)在"传统模式"和"小吃速食模式"不同组间的差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。(3)偏相关性分析显示,在调整年龄,吸烟情况,经济收入,文化程度,体力活动后,中年男性中"肉类模式"的因子得分与BMI、WC、SBP、DBP值均呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.093、0.098、0.096和0.090,均P<0.01),"传统模式"的因子得分与WC值呈负相关(相关系数为-0.067, P<0.05);在中年女性中,"肉类模式"的因子得分与BMI、WC值呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.136和0.126,分别为P<0.01, P<0.05),"传统模式"的因子得分与BMI、WC值呈负相关(相关系数分别为-0.116和-0.105,均P<0.05);"高盐模式"的因子得分与BMI值呈正相关(相关系数为0.107, P<0.05)。结论不同膳食模式对中年人群肥胖、高血压指标有明显地影响。

Objective The main purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary patterns of a middle-aged population and analyze the relationships between different dietary patterns obesity and hypertension. Methods With random sampling method, dietary patterns and their lifestyles of 1776 adults aged 45-60y in Hefei were studied. Results (1) Four major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: meat pattern, traditional pattern, snack-fast-food pattern, and the high-salt pattern;(2) Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of the "meat pattern" and "traditional patterns", those in the highest quintile had a significant difference in BMI and WC (P<0.01).Individuals in the highest quartile of the "traditional dietary pattern" were more likely to have a lower WHR (P<0.05).The difference of SBP was statistically significant in the highest compared with the lowest in the adults with "traditional pattern" and "snack-fast-food pattern"(P<0.05).(3)Adjusting for age, smoking, passive smoking, economic income, education, physical activity, linear regression model indicated that the factor scores of "meat pattern" were positively correlated with BMI (r=0.093, P<0.01), WC (r=0.098,P<O.O1), SBP (r=0.096, P<0.01), and DBP (r=0.090, P<0.01) in the male, the factor scores of "traditional pattern" were negatively associated with WC (r=-0.067, P<0.05). In the female, the factor scores of "meat pattern" had a positive correlation with BMI (r=0.136, P<0.01) and WC(r=0.126, P<0.05), the factor scores of "traditional pattern" were negatively associated with BMI (r=-0.116, P<0.05) and WC (r=-0.105, P<0.05) and the factor scores of "high-salt pattern" had a positive correlation with BMI (r=0.107, P<0.05). Conclusion Different dietary patterns in middle-aged adults had a significant impact on the indicators associated with obesity and hypertension.