部分市售植物性食物中α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素含量分析

ANALYSIS OF α-CAROTENE AND β-CAROTENE CONTENTS IN MARKETED PLANT FOODS

目的测定和评估市场上常见的消费量较高的植物性食物中α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素的含量。方法采用高效液相色谱-C30色谱柱分离食物中α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素并进行定量测定,计算总胡萝卜素、视黄醇当量(RE)、视黄醇活性当量(RAE)。结果测定了135种植物性食物中α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素的含量。根据含量水平分为Ⅰ类(非常高含量组)食物、Ⅱ类(高含量组)食物、Ⅲ类(中含量组)食物和Ⅳ类(低含量组)食物,其中I组α-胡萝卜素比例最高(14.2%)。不区分α、β-胡萝卜素,直接采用总胡萝卜素评估RE会造成评估结果的高估,其中I组高估程度最高(10.5%)。结论胡萝卜素主要存在于胡萝卜、绿色叶类蔬菜和水果中,以β-胡萝卜素为主,胡萝卜和红苋菜等是α-胡萝卜素的主要来源。将食物中α-胡萝卜素进行有效区分,可为视黄醇当量的准确计算提供数据基础。

Objective To determine the contents of α-carotenes and β-carotene in plant foods that are commonly consumed in the market. Methods HPLC-C30 column was used for the separation of α-carotene and β-carotene from food samples. The total carotenoids, retinol equivalents(RE) and retinol active equivalents(RAE) were determined. Results The contents of α-carotene and β-carotene in 135 plant foods were determined. According to the content level, it was divided into groupⅠ(very high content) food, groupⅡ(high content food), groupⅢ(middle content food) and group Ⅳ(low content food), with the highest α-carotene(14.2%) in groupⅠ. Assessment of RE with total carotene(without distinction of α,β-carotene) led to overestimation of assessment results, of which the highest degree of overestimation in group I(10.5%).Conclusion Natural carotene mainly exists in the carrots, leafy vegetables and fruits, which are rich in β-carotene, but the content of α-carotene is very low whose main resource is carrot. Our data provide accurate basis for determinating α-carotene and expressing into RE with corresponding conversion coefficients.