火星进入气体辐射加热研究进展

Review of Gas Radiative Heating for Mars Entry

针对飞行器进入火星大气时气体辐射加热对防热设计带来不确定性,在简述火星探测和气体辐射研究的发展历程的基础上,对火星进入气体辐射加热研究的进展进行综述。首先,针对火星大气环境描述了气体辐射加热的概念和问题由来。其次,重点综述了近年来火星进入气体辐射加热基础模型的数值和试验研究进展,其中包括:热化学非平衡气体动力学、气体辐射特性和辐射传输的计算模型与方法等数值研究;地面测试设备、试验技术和模拟火星大气环境的气体辐射测量与验证等试验研究。再次,综述了流动辐射耦合和后体气体辐射加热等火星进入器设计方面开展的研究。最后,对未来火星进入气体辐射加热研究进行了展望,提出了研究建议。

In view of the uncertainties caused by the gas radiative heating for the thermal protection system design of the vehicles entering the Martian atmosphere, based on a brief description of the development history of the Mars exploration and gas radiation, the research progress of the gas radiative heating for Mars entry is reviewed. Firstly, the concept of gas radiative heating and the origin of the problem for Mars entry are described. Secondly, the recent advances in numerical and experimental researches on the basic models of the radiative heating for Mars entry are highlighted, including the numerical models and computational methods of the thermochemical non-equilibrium gas dynamics, gas radiation characteristics and radiative transportation;ground facilities, testing techniques, and experimental investigation and validation on gas radiation in the simulated Martian atmosphere. Thirdly, the applications on the design of the Mars entry vehicles such as flow radiation coupling and gas radiative heating on after body are introduced. Finally, the recommendations on the future Mars entry gas radiation research are given.