基于系统力学结构方程模型(SEM-SD)的高危岗位矿工习惯性违章行为干预策略研究

SEM-SD Model of Intervention Strategies for Habitual Violations of Miners in High Risk Positions

煤矿安全一直国家和人民关注的对象。为降低煤矿安全事故发生率,本文基于系统动力学理论和结构方程模型,构建了高危岗位矿工习惯性违章行为干预策略的系统力学结构方程模型(SEM-SD),并采用Vensim仿真软件进一步探索安全氛围、示范性规范和安全监管等3个干预策略与习惯性违章行为影响因素的关系,深层次研究了干预策略对高危岗位矿工习惯性违章行为的作用机理。研究结果表明,干预策略实施过程中,高危岗位矿工习惯性违章行为水平与不安全心理水平呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,作业环境水平、安全认知水平、安全能力水平均保持上升趋势;干预策略实施初期,作业环境水平高于安全能力水平,安全能力水平高于安全认知水平;干预策略实施后期,安全认知水平高于安全能力水平,安全能力水平高于作业环境水平。基于此,本文给出通过营造良好的安全氛围、鼓励示范性规范行为、加大安全监管力度能够有效控制高危岗位矿工习惯性违章行为发生的建议。

In order to reduce the occurrence rate of coal mine safety accidents, based on the theory of system dynamics, a SEM-SD model of intervention strategies for habitual violations of miners in high-risk positions was constructed, and Vensim software was used to simulate the changing rules of three intervention strategies on habitual violations of miners in high-risk positions, including safety atmosphere, demonstration norms and safety supervision. The effect of violations. The results showed that during the implementation of intervention strategies, the level of Habitual Violation Behavior of miners in high-risk positions showed a change curve of first rising and then falling, the level of unsafe psychology was promoted and then inhibited, and the level of working environment, safety awareness and safety ability was significantly improved;in the initial stage of intervention strategies, the level of working environment > safety ability > safety awareness level;after intervention strategies, the level of safety awareness was increased. The level of safety awareness was higher than the level of safety ability and the level of working environment. Therefore, to create a good safety atmosphere, encourage demonstration normative behavior and strengthen safety supervision can effectively control the occurrence of habitual violations of regulations of miners in high-risk positions.