脑科学与教育研究:还原论或整体论

The Research on Brain-Science and Education: Reductionism or Holism

“脑科学与教育”学科不仅可以使脑科学研究者与教育实践者的合作研究成为可能,而且可以将脑神经科学知识具体应用到学生的学习和教育之中。由于长期以来脑科学研究专注于还原论取向,从而导致脑科学研究和教育实践的关系成为“一座太过遥远的桥”。为了改变这一状况,脑科学研究应当借鉴物理学研究的整体论取向,进一步将还原论取向与整体论取向相结合.从而推进我国“脑科学与教育”研究的健康发展。

The task of education is improving students' learning effect, while brain science or cognitive neuroscience can help improve learners' cognitive behavior in the learning process. Therefore, the common focus of brain science and education determines that the future education can be influenced by brain science. And the brain-science and education", an interdisciplinary subject integrating education and brain science, will provide a new perspective for the study of education. u Brain-science and education" not only makes it possible for brain science researchers to cooperate with educational practitioners, but also applies the knowledge of brain neuroscience to students,learning and education. For a long time, the research of brain science has focused on the reductionist orientation, that is, the decomposition of a complex system to its basic level, which leads to the relationship between brain science research and educational practice as “a bridge too far”. Fundamentally, the problem of the reductionist orientation of brain research lies in the fact that the brain system emerges from the macroscopic level by a self-organizing manner through the interaction of various parts, and this attribute does not exist in the individual cells at the microscopic level. In order to change this situation, the research of brain science should refer to the research orientation of combining reductionism and holism in physics research, which means that on the basis of adhering to reductionism research orientation, the research on brain selforganization mechanism based on synergetic should be carried out. More precisely, it combines analytical thinking with holistic thinking. Its far-reaching significance lies in the combination and even integration of non-linear science and complexity science with brain science. The future research of 44 brain-science and education" should pay attention to the holistic research ideas of brain science research, further draw on the connotation of the combination of holism and reductionism, study the brain coordination mechanism in the process of learning thoroughly, make the students,brains change from the organized state to the self-organized state, and find an effective way to promote the mutation of students, brains, so as to promote the healthy development of the 44 brain-science and education,, research in China.