低聚半乳糖的生理功能研究进展

Research progress of physiological function of galacto-oligosaccharides

低聚半乳糖作为一种益生元越来越受到人们的关注,在功能性食品方面应用越加广泛。低聚半乳糖能够在肠道内选择性增殖益生菌发酵生成短链脂肪酸,与肠道微生物协同参与生理功能机制调节,在保障肠道健康、免疫系统调节、抑制肿瘤细胞生成、改善人体矿物质吸收、改善心血管疾病等机制方面发挥重要的作用。本文从分子水平出发,全面剖析了低聚半乳糖及其代谢产物短链脂肪酸在维持肠道微生物平衡、抵抗肠道病毒感染、免疫机制调节、结直肠癌的抑制、脂质代谢的调节及血糖水平控制等功效方面的作用机理。为低聚半乳糖在功能性食品开发及健康保健领域的应用提供参考。

Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have attracted more and more attention and are increasing widely used in functional foods as a kind of prebiotics. GOS can selectively proliferate probiotics and be fermented to short chain fatty acids and participate in the regulation of physiological functions of health in collaboration with intestinal microorganisms. They play a significant role in biological mechanisms of protecting intestinal health, regulating immune system, inhibiting colorectal cancer, improving mineral absorption and cardiovascular disease. Based on the molecular level, this paper comprehensively analyzed the functional mechanism of oligogalactose and its metabolite short-chain fatty acids in maintaining intestinal microbial balance, resisting intestinal virus infection, regulating immune mechanism, inhibiting colorectal cancer, regulating lipid metabolism and controlling blood glucose level. It provides a reference for the application of galactose oligosaccharide in functional food development and health care.