韭菜中农药腐霉利残留的膳食暴露风险评估

Dietary exposure assessment of procymidone residue in Chinese leek(Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spr.)

目的评估上海市市售韭菜中农药腐霉利的残留情况及居民膳食暴露风险。方法通过2016~2018年间市售韭菜中腐霉利残留的监测数据,结合本市居民食物消费量调查结果,基于蒙特卡罗分析法,采用@Risk7.5软件和风险商值(%ADI)进行风险评估。结果根据GB 2763-2016《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定,近3年市售韭菜中腐霉利超标率为23.2%,残留量均值和95%分位值(P95)分别为0.76 mg/kg和4.81 mg/kg。本市居民通过韭菜腐霉利暴露量均值为6.17×10-5 mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1,风险商为0.06%ADI;高端暴露量(P95)为1.68×10^-3mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1,风险商为1.68%ADI。本市全人群居民通过韭菜、番茄、茄子等8种食用农产品摄入的腐霉利暴露量均值为8.44×10^-5 mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1。结论近3年来上海市市售韭菜中腐霉利残留检出率和超标率呈现下降趋势,食品安全监管工作取得一定成效。本市居民通过韭菜摄入腐霉利的风险商值很小,健康风险不大。

Objective To evaluate the residue level of procymidone in Chinese leek (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spr.) and dietary exposure level of Shanghai residents. Methods Based on surveillance data of procymidone residual in Chinese leek from 2016 to 2018, combined with the survey results of food consumption of local residents and Monte Carlo method, the risk assessment was conducted with @Risk7.5 software and risk quotient value (%ADI). Results According to GB 2763-2016 National food safety standard maximum residue limit of pesticides in food for determination, the excess rate of procymidone in Chinese leek in the past three years was 23.2%. The average residue level was 0.76 mg/kg and the 95th percentile level was up to 4.81 mg/kg. The dietary exposure of average intake residents was 6.17×10^-5 mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1, of which the risk quotient was 0.06%ADI;and that of highly exposed residents (P95) was 1.68×10^-3 mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1, of which the risk quotient was 1.68%ADI. In terms of the total-population residents in Shanghai, the daily dietary exposure of procymidone from 8 agricultural products, including Chinese leek, tomato, aubergine and so on, was 8.44×10^-5 mg·(kg·bw)^-1·d^-1. Conclusion In recent 3 years, the detection rate and excess rate of procymidone residue in Chinese leeks sold in Shanghai showed a downward trend, and some progress has been achieved in food safety supervision. The risk quotient of the city residents ingesting procymidone through leek is very small, and the health risk is not high.