右美托咪定的药理作用及在特殊人群中的应用

Pharmacological action of dexmedetomidine and its application in special populations

右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)是一种高选择性α2肾上腺素能受体激动剂,具有镇静、抗焦虑、阻滞交感神经、节俭麻醉药及对呼吸影响小等特点。对有关Dex的论著进行总结,阐述Dex在肾功能损害、肝功能损害、小儿、老年人等特殊人群及标签外的使用。Dex在特殊人群的使用是安全及有效的,标签外的使用仍需进一步研究及探讨。

Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, and characterized in sedation, anti-anxiety, sympathetic nerve blockage, decreased anesthetic doses and little effect on respiration. To review and summarize related studies, we evaluate the effects of Dex on renal and hepatic damages, children, elderly people and off-label uses. Dex is safe and effective in specific populations, and its off-label use requires further studies.