床旁超声用于围麻醉期评估误吸风险的临床应用进展

The clinical application of bedside ultrasound for the assessment of the risk of aspiration during anesthesia

误吸是围麻醉期后果严重的并发症。床旁超声可以通过定性和定量评估胃内容物,对患者围麻醉期误吸风险进行诊断。文章分析总结近年来床旁超声评估误吸风险可靠性和准确性的文献资料,描述床旁超声评估误吸风险的基本操作技术及流程以及针对不同特殊人群患者评估误吸风险的可靠性。床旁超声对评估围麻醉期误吸风险有一定预测价值,同时具有可靠、准确、可重复等优势。床旁超声评估特殊人群误吸风险以及利用数学模型估测胃液量的准确性和可靠性需要进一步研究。

Mis-aspiration is a serious complication during peri-anesthesia. Bedside ultrasound can be used to assess the risk of aspiration by qualitative and quantitative estimation of gastric contents. This review summarized recent literatures on the reliability and accuracy of bedside ultrasound for assessing the risk of aspiration. This review describes the basic operation techniques and procedures for the assessment of aspiration risk by bedside ultrasound and the reliability of the risk assessment for patients with different special populations. Bedside ultrasound has certain predictive value in assessing the risk of aspiration during peri-anesthesia, and has the advantages of reliability, accuracy and repeatability. The study about accuracy and reliability of bedside utrasound on assessing the aspiration risk in special patients and estimating the gastric fluid volume is continuously explored.