仿生包衣装置对大豆发芽与苗期植株性状的影响

Effects of Bionic Coating Device Treatment on Soybean Germination and Plant Characters at Seedling Stage

为了提高大豆种子的包衣质量,促进包衣种子的发芽与苗期生长,实现苗齐苗壮,增加产量。以黑农48大豆种子为供试材料,对仿生包衣装置处理和现有包衣装置处理的大豆种子进行单因素田间试验,以未包衣大豆种子为对照组CK,仿生包衣装置处理的大豆种子为处理1,现有包衣装置处理的大豆种子为处理2,测定大豆种子发芽情况和苗期植株性状,比较2种包衣装置的包衣效果。结果表明:处理1和处理2的大豆种子发芽指标和苗期植株性状指标均高于对照组CK,处理1较处理2的发芽指数增长20.21%,根鲜重增长11.26%,主根长增长11.15%,且处理1和处理2的发芽指数、根鲜重、主根长差异显著。仿生装置处理较正常包衣处理种子生长状况更好的原因为仿生搅拌叶片更能减少搅拌叶片对大豆种子种皮和胚的损伤,增加大豆包衣的均匀性,进而提高了种子的包衣质量。通过田间试验验证了仿生包衣装置较现有包衣装置在包衣效果上的优越性,研究结果可为包衣设备改进优化提供数据支持和实用参考。

Use of coating device on coat soybean seeds can improve the quality of seed coating, promote the germination and plant growth at seedling stage, promote the growth of underground roots, facilitate the seedling rooting, shape roots, achieve seedling vigor and increase yield. The Heinong 48 soybean seed was used as the test material, and the soybean seed treated with the bionic coating device and the existing coating device was subjected to a single-factor field test, and the uncoated soybean seed was used as the control group, the soybean seed treated by the bionic coating device was treatment 1, and the soybean seed treated by the existing coating device was treatment 2, the germination rate, germination potential and germination index which reflecting the germination index of soybean seeds and the stem diameter, seedling height, fresh weight, root fresh weight, main root length, root-shoot ratio which reflecting the plant traits at the seedling stage were used as experimental indicators, and the coating effects of the two coating devices were compared. The results showed that treatment 1 and 2 were higher than CK in seed germination index and seedling character index, treatment 1 was 20.21% higher than treatment 2 in germination index, 11.26% higher in fresh root weight and 11.15% higher in main root length. There were significant differences between treatment 1 and 2 in germination index, fresh root weight and main root length. The reason for the significant difference between the treatments was that the bionic mixing blade can reduce the damage of the agitation leaves on the seed coat and embryo of the soybean seeds, increase the uniformity of the soybean coating, and further improve the quality of the seed coating. The field test proved the superiority of the bionic coating device compared with the existing coating device. The research results can provide data support and practical references for the improvement and optimization of the coating equipment.