校园欺凌防治项目的成效及其原因分析——以OBPP项目为例

The Effectiveness of Olweus Bullying Prevention Program and the Causes

奥维斯校园欺凌预防与干预项目起源于挪威,已拥有近四十年的国际实行经验,能够在不同地区、不同文化、不同社会制度、不同经济状况、不同教育体制、不同民族种族背景下,灵活适应环境、包容其他理论并保持较为一致的欺凌有效干预率。该项目在校园欺凌防治中以生态系统理论为基础的欺凌防治理念,以全校全员参与为模式的欺凌防治宗旨,以改善校园氛围为根本的欺凌防治目标以及以家校警三位一体为手段的欺凌防治措施是其显著的特征。上述这四项特征之间的单项优势与相互配合是其取得优异校园欺凌防治成效的重要原因。

Originated from Norway,OBPP has forty-year worth of valid data in preventing and intervening school bullying. The program is well adapted in diverse regional,cultural and social backgrounds and is compatible with other theories. OBPP has four distinctive characteristics which are its base in Social Ecological Theory,its inclusiveness,its stress on school-community cooperation and its focus on optimizing the campus atmosphere. The single advantage and mutual cooperation between these four characteristics are the important reasons for OBPP excellent results in its prevention and intervention of school bullying.