超支化有机硅功能高分子的研究进展

Research Progress of Hyperbranched Silicon Functional Polymer

超支化有机硅一般具有三维结构,分子与分子之间基本不出现链缠结,使其宏观上表现出低粘度、高反应活性、高溶解性等特性。超支化有机硅因制备方法较简单、成本较低、可规模化生产、易于功能化等优点,在功能高分子材料领域有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了超支化有机硅功能高分子的制备,包括超支化聚硅氧烷、聚碳硅烷、聚硅烷以及含杂原子的超支化有机硅的制备,重点总结了超支化有机硅功能高分子在催化剂载体、生物医药材料、耐热材料、陶瓷前驱体以及光电材料方面的应用,并对超支化有机硅功能高分子未来的发展作出了展望。

Hyperbranched organic silicon usually have three dimensional structure and no chain entanglement between molecules and molecules, making them exhibit low viscosity, high reactivity, high solubility and so on. Hyperbranched organic silicon has wide-range prospect in the field of functional polymers due to its simple procedures, lower cost as well as scale production and functionalization. The paper reviews the preparation of the functional polymer of hyperbranched organic silicon including the hyperbranched polysiloxane, polycarbosilane, polysilane as well as the organic silicon of hyperbranched with heteroatom. It concludes the implementation of the functional polymer of hyperbranched organic silicon in areas, such as the catalyst carrier, biomedical materials, heat-resistant material, ceramic precursor and photoelectric material, and provides an outlook of the future of the functional polymer of hyperbranched organic silicon.