酒泉市0～6岁儿童健康工作评价和改进方法研究

Study on Evaluation and Improvement of Health Work of Children 0-6 Years of Age in Jiuquan

目的通过对2013—2017 年酒泉市0~6 岁儿童健康状况进行分析,了解酒泉市儿童保健服务状况,找出存在问题,研究改进方法和措施,为酒泉市适应“全面两孩政策”新形势提供有效保障。方法对2013—2017 年酒泉市妇幼卫生年报及5岁以下儿童死亡报告卡进行整理及统计学处理。结果2013—2017 年酒泉市0~6 岁儿童保健服务指标逐年提升并保持稳定。2017 年与2013 年相比较,3 岁以下儿童系统管理率提升了0.04%,新生儿疾病筛查率上升了2.89%,新生儿听力筛查率上升了2.14%,新生儿死亡率下降了32.97%,婴儿死亡率下降了25.93%,5 岁以下儿童死亡率下降了24.14%;儿童保健主要指标市(区)级与县级相比较有波动。结论酒泉市5 岁以下儿童死亡率还有下降空间,儿童健康工作存在区域差异,今后工作重点是积极争取政府部门的重视和支持,改善儿童生存环境和医疗资源,加强市(区)级儿童保健服务能力,重视儿童保健团队建设,提升重点人群主动接受卫生保健服务的意识,保障儿童生命安全、提高儿童健康水平。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the status of children’s health from 0-6 in Jiuquan from 2013 to 2017,to understand the status of children’s health care services in Jiuquan,find out the existing problems,study and improve methods and measures,and provide effective guarantee for Jiuquan to adapt to the new situation of“Comprehensive Two-child Policy”. METHODS The annual report of maternal and child health and the report card of children under 5 years age from 2013 to 2017 were collated and statistically processed. RESULTS From 2013 to 2017,the index of health care services for children aged 0~6 in Jiuquan increased by year and remained stable. Compared with 2013,system management rate of children under 3 years of age increased by 0.04% in 2017,screening rate of neonatal diseases increased by 2.89%,hearing screening rate of newborns increased by 2.14%,neonatal mortality rate decreased by 32.97%,infant mortality rate decreased by 25.93%,under-five mortality rate decreased by 24.14%. The main indicators of child health were fluctuating at the municipal(district)level compared to the county level. CONCLUSION There was still room for a decline in the under-five mortality rate in Jiuquan,and there were regional differences in child health work. In the future,the priority was to actively solicit the attention and support of government departments,improve children’s living environment and medical resources,and strengthen the capacity of children’s health services at the municipal(district)level. It would attach great importance to building a children’s health care team,raise awareness among key groups of people about taking the initiative to receive health care services,and ensure children’s life safety and improve their health.