重离子放射治疗技术及临床应用

Technology and clinical application of heavy ion radiation therapy

重离子的细胞杀伤作用大,有倒转剂量分布优势,而且具有拓展布拉格峰、高传能线密度、高相对生物效应等特点。将其应用于癌症治疗,可使深部区域肿瘤细胞因高剂量辐射而被有效杀灭,而对周围组织因低剂量分布、相对危害较小,能实现精确靶向治疗,这也被认为是最有前景的肿瘤放疗技术。本文简要介绍了重离子放射治疗的物理和生物学特征,回顾了重离子放射治疗的发展历程及现状;重点阐述了重离子放射治疗技术在临床的应用现状及优势,以期为重离子辐射生物学的研究人员提供一定的数据参考和未来方向参考,更好地促进重离子放射治疗在临床治癌中的良好应用。

Heavy ions have the characteristics as high cytotoxicity,inverted dose distribution,expanded Bragg peak,high linear energy transfer,and high relative biological effectiveness. The precise targeted therapy can be achieved by using heavy ions to treat tumor,because it delivers high doses of radiation to the deep regions of tumor cells to efficiently kill them,yet causes relatively little damages to the surrounding tissues at low dose. Thus,heavy ion beam is deemed a most promising technology of tumor radiotherapy. This article briefly introduces the physical and biological characteristics of heavy ion radiation therapy,and reviews the development status of heavy ion radiation therapy. The paper focuses on the application status and advantages of heavy ion radiation therapy in the treatment of cancer. It is expected that this review may provide a reference for researchers in radiation biology of heavy ion to better estimate the risks of heavy ions to human health and promote the application in treatment of cancer.