施硫对花生生长发育、品质和土壤供硫能力的影响

Effects of Sulfur Fertilizer on Growth and Development, Quality of Peanut and Supply Capacity of Sulfur in Soil

采用大田随机区组试验,研究了施硫对花生生长发育、品质和土壤供硫能力的影响,为花生合理施用硫肥提供技术支撑。结果表明,施硫能增加花生叶片SPAD值,苗期、花针期、结荚期、饱果期花生叶片SPAD值平均增加2.9,4.1,3.5,2.8;能增加花生主茎高、侧枝长、分枝数和饱果数,分别平均增加2.5,4.6cm,0.4条/株,2.7个/株。随着施硫量的增加,蛋白质含量呈抛物线变化趋势,脂肪含量呈增加趋势,最大值分别为25.1%,50.1%;荚果产量、蛋白产量和脂肪产量均呈增加趋势,最大值分别为5836.5,979.8,2011.8kg/hm^2。随着施硫量的增加,耕层土壤全硫含量和有效硫含量呈增加趋势,施硫量为60kg/hm^2时,耕层土壤全硫含量、有效硫含量均达到供给平衡。试验条件下,施硫量为60~90kg/hm^2时,能满足花生生长发育对硫的需求,花生产量为5665.5~5802.0kg/hm^2时,蛋白质产量和脂肪产量分别为956.5~968.6,1894.0~1968.8kg/hm^2,土壤全硫含量、有效硫含量分别为141~158,26.1~34.8mg/kg。

Effects of sulfur fertilizer on growth and development,quality of peanut and supply capacity of sulfur in soil were studied by field randomized block experiment,to provide technical support on reasonable application of sulfur fertilizer for peanut.The results showed that sulfur could increase leaf SPAD value of peanut,in seedling,flowering-pegging,podding,mature stage,leaf SPAD value,on average,increased by 2.9,4.1,3.5,2.8,respectively,it could increase plant height,lateral branch length,branch number,full fruit number of peanut that increased average 2.5 cm,4.6 cm,4.6/plant,2.7/plant,respectively.Protein content showed a parabolic trend,and fat content increased,the maximum value of was 25.1% and 50.1%,respectively.Pod yield,protein yield and fat yield were all increased,the maximum value were 5 836.5,979.8,2 011.8 kg/hm^2,respectively,with sulfur application increased.Total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil increased,with the increase of sulfur application,when the flow rate was 60 kg/hm^2,total sulfur content and effective sulfur content in cultivated soil could reach balance between supply and demand.In our experiment,sulfur application rate was in 60-90 kg/hm^2,it could satisfy with need of peanut growth for sulfur,and peanut production was 5 665.5-5 802.0 kg/hm^2,protein yield and fat yield were 956.5-968.6 kg/hm^2,1 894.0-1 968.8 kg/hm^2,respectively,soil total sulfur content,available sulfur content was 141-158,26.1-34.8 mg/kg,respectively.