城市建筑火灾伤亡事故主客体场景指标分析

Index Analysis for Subjective and Objective Scenes of Fire Casualty Accidents in Urban Buildings

为有效预防与控制城市建筑火灾伤亡事故,探寻城市建筑火灾事故发生的共性,通过查阅国内外相关文献以及对相关事故进行分析,明晰城市建筑火灾伤亡事故场景要素,进行城市建筑火灾伤亡事故主客体场景指标设计研究。从5个维度分析城市建筑火灾伤亡事故类型,并从安全文化、安全管理体系、人的不安全行为及物的不安全状态等4个方面分析事故致因;设计城市建筑火灾伤亡事故的11个主客体场景指标,并构建指标体系,据此突出安全管理工作应关注与重视之处,以减少城市建筑火灾事故的发生。

In order to effectively prevent and control fire casualty accidents in urban buildings and explore its commonness,through consulting relevant literature at home and abroad and analyzing related accidents,the elements of fire casualties scenes in urban buildings were clarified,and the index design of subjective and objective scenes of fire casualties in urban buildings was studied.Firstly,the research object,purpose and method of this paper were defined;secondly,the types of casualties in urban building fires were analyzed from five dimensions,and the causes of accidents were analyzed from four aspects:safety culture,safety management system,unsafe behavior of human beings and unsafe state of objects;lastly,11 scene indicators of fire casualties in urban building were designed,and the indicators were constructed.In order to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents in urban buildings,attention should be paid to safety management.