原发性骨质疏松影响因素及健康干预研究进展

Progress in Research on Risk Factors and Health Intervention for Primary Osteoporosis

骨质疏松症是中老年人的常见病、多发病,其导致的骨折是中老年人致残、病死的主要原因。骨质疏松己严重影响人们的健康水平,成为全球关注的公共卫生热点。骨质疏松症发展特点是“悄无声息”,不易察觉。除老年、绝经、疾病和药物等危险因素外,不良的生活方式也是骨质疏松症发生的重要原因。迄今为止,尚无有效根治骨质疏松的方法,有效的健康干预是骨质疏松防治最有效最经济的手段。回顾国内外骨质疏松症流行病学和影响因素研究进展,阐述了骨质疏松的防治现状和健康干预的方法,但是目前尚没有具有地区特点、系统性的预防体系。针对本病受多种因素影响、不良因素隐性堆积导致发病的特点,研究地区人群日常生活习惯,针对性制定预防体系,应将不可控因素和可控因素结合,采取阶段性针对性控制措施及临床路径的方式,合理有效开展预防工作,以期达到节能增效的效果。

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in the eldely,Osteoporotic fractures are a principal cause of disability and mortality of the elderly.Osteoporosis has several threatened human health and become a global highlight of public health. Osteoporosis is a“silent”disease that is difficult to detect. Besides agedness, menopause,diseases and drugs,unhealthy lifestyles are also an important factor for osteoporosis.The effective treatment for osteoporosis is still unavailable until now, health intervention is the most effective and economic method for its prevention. The advances in epidemiology and risk factors for osteoporosis were reviewed,and emphasizes the importance of evaluation in health intervention.But at present,there is no systematic prevention system with regional characteristics.In view of the characteristics of osteoporosis caused by various factors,it is necessary to study the daily living habits of the population in the region and formulate a preventive system which combining uncontrollable factors with controllable factors and adopting stage-specific control measures and clinical pathways .The peasonable and effective preventive work need to carry out in order to achieve the effect of energy saving and efficiency increasing.