成县核桃杂交育种试验初报

Preliminary Experiments on Crossbreeding of Walnut in Chengxian County

为丰富和创新成县核桃育种材料,改良现有核桃品质,以当地品种陇南15为母本,陇南755、香玲、薄丰、辽核2号、辽核3号等品种为父本,开展核桃杂交育种试验,对F1代的开花与结果习性、果实表型性状等指标进行了观察和测定,同时对不同核桃杂交种F1代果实性状多样性进行了分析。结果表明:以早实性和雄先型的核桃为父本与陇南15杂交,可以获得结实期提前和雌花开花期推迟的杂交种;不同杂交组合,所得杂种后代果实表型性状差异显著(P<0.05),各杂种果实果壳表面特征整体表现较好;不同杂交组合所得杂种F1代果实性状存在多样性,变异最大的是果壳厚度,其次是出仁率和单果重,果实大小差异较小。

In order to enrich and innovate breeding materials of walnut in Chengxian and improve the quality of existing walnut varieties,the variety of Longnan 15 was used as the female parent,Longnan 755,Xiangling,Bofeng,Liaohe No.2 and Liaohe No3 were used as male parent for the cross breeding experiment of walnut.Flowering,fruiting performance and fruit phenotypic traits of F 1 generation were observed and determined at the same time,the fruit character diversity of F 1 generation of different walnut hybrids was analyzed.The result showed that the walnut with early-fruiting as the father to cross with Longnan 15 would have hybrid with fruiting early and male flowering late.Different hybrid combinations showed significant differences in the phenotypic traits of hybrid offspring (P< 0.05 ).The surface characteristics of the fruit shells of each hybrid fruit performed well;the fruit traits of F1 generation of hybrid were different in different hybrid combinations.The largest variation was the shell thickness,followed by the yield and single fruit weight.The fruit size difference was small.