基于生态的大功引黄灌区水资源承载力分析

Analysis of Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Dagong Yellow River Diversion Irrigation Area Based on Ecology

灌区水资源承载力受气温、降雨、蒸发、种植结构、经济社会发展等多种因素影响。从生态灌区的概念入手,在全面剖析生态灌区"经济社会–水资源–生态环境"复合系统的基础上,构建基于生态的灌区水资源承载力计算模型(PSO-COIM),并以河南省大功引黄灌区为例,采用系统分析法计算灌区水资源承载力,系统分析灌区水资源可承载状况。不考虑外调水时,大功引黄灌区水资源承载力属于超载或严重超载状态;考虑外调水时,灌区各县的水资源承载力指数都有所增大,封丘、长垣为可承载状态,其他3县为超载状态。对于生态灌区建设,除了应提高引黄供水保证率外,还应加大对灌区雨洪资源的利用和中水回用,最大限度地利用洪涝水资源,实现灌区水资源的可持续利用。

Water resources carrying capacity in irrigation area is affected by various factors such as temperature,rainfall,evaporation,planting structure,economic and social development,etc.Starting from the concept of ecological irrigation area,on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the"economic society-water resources-ecological environment"composite system of ecological irrigation area,a calculation model of water resources carrying capacity(PSO-COIM)based on ecology was established.Taking the Yellow River diversion irrigation area in Henan Province as an example,the water resources carrying capacity of the irrigation area was calculated by system analysis method and the water resources carrying capacity of the irrigation area was systematically analyzed.For the construction of ecological irrigation areas,besides improving the probability of water supply for diverting water from the Yellow River,it is also necessary to increase the utilization of storm flood resources and the reuse of reclaimed water in the irrigation areas so as to maximize the use of flood water resources and realize the sustainable development of water resources in the irrigation areas.