徽州民宅中书房空间、装饰特征及精神内涵研究——以宏村承志堂为例

Research on the Decorative Features and Spiritual Connotation of the Study Space in Huizhou Residential Buildings——Taking Hongcun Chengzhitang as an example

徽州自古文教昌盛,有“东南邹鲁”之谓。明代中后期的徽商迅速崛起,给徽州教育提供财力上的帮助,徽州教育达到空前极盛,成为明清时期徽州文化的一个重要组成部分。在这种社会环境下,书屋作为文化教育的一种特殊私空间,不论从建筑规模、装饰形式均得到长足的发展。本文从徽州承志堂书房空间布局、装饰形式、陈设艺术、精神内涵入手,对空间、人、物、思想进行解析,指出他们之间共生的规律,分析徽州书屋承载着文心与匠心的思想交融。凸显书房的装饰不只是文人们功能性的修读之所,而是徽人更大程度上的一种精神的投射,揭示出这些历史遗存所蕴涵的内在文化精神。

Huizhou has prospered since ancient times,It is called “Southeast of the turmoil”(Zhou and Lu were famous for its promotion of culture and education in the ancient time).In the middle and late Ming dynasty,huizhou merchants rose rapidly and provided financial help to huizhou education. Huizhou education reached unprecedented prosperity and became an important part of huizhou culture in the Ming and qing dynasties. In this social environment,study as a kind of special cultural education of the private space,no matter from the scale of construction,decoration form all get rapid development,this article start from huizhou ChengZhiTang spatial layout,the form of the decoration ,the furnishing art and the spirit of the space. To analyze the space ,the people,things and thoughts,points out that the law of the symbiosis between them,analyze huizhou house is bearing the blend of literary heart and ingenuity. Highlight the decoration of the study is not only the functional reading of the literati,but a greater spiritual projection of the local people. Reveal the inner cultural spirit contained in these historical relics.