生活方式与大学教师骨密度水平的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between lifestyle and skeletal health of university teachers

目的研究生活方式与大学教师人群骨密度的关系,以便指导大学社区卫生服务中心针对教师人群开展骨质疏松症的防治工作。方法某大学每年10月8日至10月15日在大学社区卫生服务中心常规举行在职教师职工体检,本研究对该大学2017年、2018年参加体检的在职教师开展包含饮食、运动习惯的生活方式问卷调查,同时收集骨密度体检结果,将问卷调查中的各项因素与骨质疏松发病进行分析研究,查找大学在职教师人群骨质疏松患病的危险因素。结果共收集问卷内容和体检结果完整的有效数据1 636例,年龄22~60岁,平均(42.35±9.27)岁,男性教师的骨质疏松检出率明显高于女性教师,分别为12.41%(86/693)和2.86%(27/943)。对于男性教师,吸烟、长期饮酒、喝碳酸饮料均是患骨质疏松症的危险因素,经常运动、喝牛奶是保护因素;对于女性教师,经常运动、喝牛奶、食用豆制品和月经均是保护因素。在骨质疏松在职教师人群中,男性教师吸烟、长期饮酒、喝碳酸饮料、喝浓茶的比率均显著高于女性教师,而喝牛奶、经常运动的比率显著低于女性教师。结论在大学在职教师人群中,不健康的生活方式对骨密度的影响不容忽视,尤其是男性教师,今后应重点关注男性教师的骨科健康状况,并开展生活方式健康宣教工作,积极防控骨质疏松症。

Objective To study the relationship between lifestyle and bone mineral density of university teachers,in order to guide the university community health service center to carry out prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for teachers.Methods A university conducts regular physical examinations of in-service teachers at the University Community Health Service Center from October 8 to October 15.This study conducted a lifestyle questionnaire containing diet and exercise habits for the in-service teachers who participated in the medical examination in 2017 and 2018.The survey also collected the results of bone mineral examination,and analyzed the factors in the questionnaire and the incidence of osteoporosis to find the risk factors of osteoporosis in the university’s in-service teachers.Results A total of 1 636 cases with complete and valid data of questionnaire contents and physical examination results were collected.The age ranged from 22 to 60 years(42.35±9.27)years.The detection rate of osteoporosis in male teachers was significantly higher than that in female teachers,which was 12.41%(86/693)and 2.86%(27/943),respectively.For male teachers,smoking,long-term drinking and carbonated beverages are risk factors for osteoporosis.Regular exercise and milk consumption are protective factors.For female teachers,regular exercise,milk consumption,soybean products and menstruation are protective factors.Among the in-service teachers with osteoporosis,the proportion of male teachers smoking,drinking alcohol for a long time,drinking carbonated drinks and drinking strong tea was significantly higher than that of female teachers,while the proportion of drinking milk and regular exercise was significantly lower than that of female teachers.Conclusion Among the in-service university teachers,the influence of unhealthy lifestyle on bone mineral density can not be ignored,especially for male teachers.In the future,we should focus on the skeletal health status of male teachers,and carry out lifestyle health education to prevent and control osteoporosis.