身体理论语境下当代生命伦理关涉的基本问题

Fundamental Issues of Contemporary Bioethics in the Context of Body Theory

人是具身的存在,身体是人与人交互对话的场所,人的生命作为种生命与类生命的统一不仅具有时间性,也具有空间性,生命通过存在于时间、空间之中的身体呈现出来,身体与生命是共时性和历时性的存在;人的存在需要以身体为准绳,人就是如其所有的头颅、躯干及基本生命体征而独立存在的具身个体,胎儿的肉体尚不具有文化、情感交互等具身功能。与常人一样,植物人的身体仍承载着社会关系的属性,植物人拥有生命的尊严,生命尊严的享有并不以意识的存在为前提。

Human being is the embodied existence,whose body is the place where people interact with each other.As a unity of biological life and class life,human life not only has time limitation,but also has spatial limitation.Life is presented through the existence of body in time and space.The body and life are the existence of synchronism and diachronism.The human existence needs to take the body as the criterion,and the person is the embodied individual who exists independently as all the head,trunk and basic vital signs.The body of the fetus has no cultural,emotional interactions and other embodied functions.The body of vegetative people still carries the attribute of social relations.Like ordinary people,the vegetative people have the dignity of life.The enjoyment of the dignity of life is not the premise of the existence of consciousness.