程颐理气思想对中医学理论的影响——以《圣济经》、朱丹溪、黄元御为例

The Influence of Cheng Yi’s Thought of "Li" and "Qi" on the Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Taking Shengji Jing, Zhu Danxi and Huang Yuanyu as Examples

程颐作为理学的开创者之一,其理气思想对中医理论产生了重大影响。程颐认为,《素问》有关天之气运的理论是符合圣人常道之意。程颐提出的“阳常盈阴常亏”观点,直接促进了朱丹溪滋阴学派的创立。程颐的理气观成为黄元御道论及中气思想的理论来源。程颐理气视域下体用一源的思想所派生的药物法象思想被《圣济经》所吸收,从而使《圣济经》能够在医学之中率先提出药物法象的理论。尽管程颐对医学的影响很大,但医家对程颐思想的吸收基本是碎片化的,他们并没有以程颐的理气观为逻辑起点,对程颐的话语体系进行接着讲,从而开出一套医学哲学体系。

As one of the pioneers of Neo-Confucianism,Cheng Yi's theory of"Li"and"Qi"has exerted a great influence on the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Cheng Yi believed that the theory of"Su Wen"concerning the"Qi"transition of the heaven was in line with the common sense of saints.Cheng Yi's viewpoint of"Yang was always enough while Ying was always inadequate"had directly promoted the establishment of the school of Zhu Danxi.Cheng Yi's conception on"Li"and"Qi"had become the theoretical source of Huang Yuanyu's theory of Taoism and"Zhong Qi".The idea of medicine in the theory of Cheng Yi was absorbed by ShengJi Jing,which took the lead in presenting the theory of drug law in medicine.Although Cheng Yi had a great influence on medicine,the absorption of Cheng Yi's thoughts by doctors was basically fragmented.They neither used Cheng Yi's concept of morality as a logical starting point,nor continued to follow Cheng Yi's discourse system for further developing a medical philosophy system.