泄爆薄板厚度对舱室破坏及舱内载荷影响的数值仿真

Numerical simulation of the influence of thickness of explosion venting plate on the damage and internal load of the cabin

[目的]为了研究DDG 1000驱逐舰所采用新型舷侧泄爆结构中泄爆薄板厚度对泄爆效果的影响,[方法]首先,通过实验数据验证仿真方法的可靠性;然后,运用有限元分析软件建立泄爆舱室的仿真模型,分析薄板泄爆结构的泄爆原理,研究不同薄板厚度下舱室破坏及舱内载荷的变化情况;最后,通过函数拟合,得到比冲量和挠度随泄爆薄板厚度变化的二次函数模型。[结果]结果表明:舱室的破坏失效最先发生在薄板和舱壁的连接处,并逐渐向舱壁边角扩大,且薄板厚度越小,越容易形成泄爆口;泄爆口的形成表现为薄板整体飞出舱体;泄爆结构的存在对初始冲击波超压的影响不大,但能有效降低舱内的准静态压力和比冲量;造成防护舱壁变形的主要因素是前期的初始冲击波和反射冲击波,而造成防护舱壁最终破坏的主要因素是长时间作用的准静态压力。[结论]研究结果可为舰船舷侧舱室等结构开展泄爆设计提供一定的参考。

[Objectives]The influence of the explosion venting plate thickness on the effect of the venting in the new type broadside structure adopted by the DDG 1000 destroyer is studied in this paper.[Methods]First,the reliability of the simulation method was verified by experimental data. Then the simulation model of the explosion venting cabin was established using the finite element analysis software. And the principle of thin-plate explosion venting structure was analyzed;the damage failure and load variation under different thin plate thicknesses were studied. Finally,the quadratic function model of specific impulse and deflection changing with the thickness is obtained by function fitting.[Results]The results show that the failure of the cabin first occurred at the connection between the thin plate and bulkhead,a nd gradually extended to the corners and edges of bulkhead;the thinner the plate,the likely an explosion venting opening is to form. When an explosion venting opening forms,the whole thin plate flies out of the cabin;the existence of the explosion venting structure has little effect on the initial shock wave overpressure,b ut it can effectively reduce the quasi-static pressure and specific impulse in the cabin. The main factors causing the deformation of the protective bulkhead are the initial shock wave and the reflected shock wave,a nd the main factor causing the ultimate damage of the protective bulkhead is the quasi-static pressure acting for a long time.[Conclusions]The research results can provide some reference for the explosion venting design of the ship side cabin structure.