不同堆垛模式下集装箱船风载荷特性研究

Study on wind load characteristics for a container ship under different stacking modes

[目的]针对实海域风浪因素的船舶性能评估与优化技术是船舶能效设计的关键环节,而风载荷是实海域船舶风浪环境载荷的重要组成部分。对大型集装箱船而言,堆垛模式对船舶风载荷特性具有显著影响。为定量研究其影响规律,[方法]针对具有相同集装箱装载量但堆垛模式互有差异的10 000 TEU大型集装箱船模型,开展覆盖多风速、全风向角范围的系列风洞实验,并采用CFD数值计算和藤原敏文经验公式等计算方法进行交叉验证。[结果]分析结果表明,船舶横、纵向受风区域的形状参数对于风载荷特性影响显著,呈流线型或阶梯型布置的常规堆垛模式整体上风载荷特性较好,但具有多个空缺的特殊堆垛模式在艏摇力矩等方面占有一定优势。[结论]研究结果可为实际工程中的集装箱堆垛模式设计和风载荷计算评估提供技术参考。

[Objectives]Ship performance evaluation and optimization technology with regard to wind wave factors of real sea area is the key to ship energy efficiency design,a nd wind load is an important part of the environmental load of wind waves of ships in real sea area. For large container ships,the stacking mode has significant influence on the wind load characteristics of ships. In order to quantitatively study the influence rule,[Methods]series of wind tunnel tests with multiple wind speeds under full wind angle range are carried out for 10 000 TEU large container ship model with the same container loading quantity but different stacking modes. CFD numerical simulation calculation and Fujiwara's empirical formulas are applied for cross validation.[R esults]Analysis results show that the shape parameters for transverse and longitudinal projected areas of ships exposed to the wind are of significant impact on wind load characteristics. Conventional stacking modes with streamlined or stepped layouts have better wind load characteristics in general. Special stacking modes with multiple vacancies on the deck occupy certain advantages in such aspects as yaw moment performance.[Conclusions]The study provides technical reference for container stacking mode design and calculation and evaluation of wind load in practical engineering.