先天性心脏病患儿介入封堵术后肺部感染的危险因素与护理干预研究

Risk factors of pulmonary infection in children with congenital heart disease after interventional closure surgery and its nursing intervention

目的探讨先天性心脏病患儿介入封堵术后导致肺部感染的危险因素并提出相应护理对策。方法选取2015年5月至2018年5月于我院接受治疗的行介入封堵术后导致肺部感染的先天性心脏病患儿130例作为研究对象,研究导致其肺部感染的主要危险因素,提出针对性护理对策。结果单因素logistic分析显示,患儿存在免疫缺陷、年龄<6岁、存在慢性疾病、精神焦虑抑郁、肺功能障碍以及术后下床活动时间>3d为导致肺部感染的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素logistic分析显示,精神焦虑抑郁,肺功能中度、重度障碍,术后下床活动时间>3d为导致患儿肺部感染的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论先天性心脏病患儿受到多种危险因素的影响,术后易发生肺部感染,术前术后都要采取合适的护理措施,以降低其并发症发生率,提升整体生活质量。

Objective To explore the risk factors of pulmonary infection caused by interventional closure in children with congenital heart disease and to propose corresponding nursing strategies.Methods We selected 130 cases of children with congenital heart disease who had pulmonary infection after interventional closure in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2018 as the study subjects.The main risk factors of lung infection were studied,and targeted nursing strategies were proposed.Results Univariate logistic analysis revealed that children with immunodeficiency,age<6 years,chronic disease,mental anxiety and depression,pulmonary dysfunction,and time to get out of bed after surgery>3 days were the influencing factors of lung infection(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic analysis showed that mental anxiety and depression,moderate and severe pulmonary dysfunction,and time to get out of bed after surgery>3 days were independent factors influencing pulmonary infection in children(P<0.05).Conclusion Children with congenital heart disease can be affected by a variety of risk factors.They are easy to have postoperative pulmonary infection.So,we should take appropriate nursing measures before and after surgery to reduce the incidence of complications and improve the overall quality of life.