皮肤移植新进展

Research progress of new skin transplantation techniques

断层皮片移植是目前临床治疗大面积皮肤缺损的重要方法。然而,大面积烧伤患者自体皮源严重不足,取皮引起供皮区损伤甚至残留瘢痕等问题限制了断层皮片移植的临床应用。为解决上述问题,一些新的皮肤移植技术开始出现,包括负压吸疱表皮移植、自体表皮细胞悬液移植、Xpansion微粒皮移植、点阵全层皮肤移植以及新型组织工程皮肤制备与移植等。这些技术在扩大皮片覆盖面积、减少供皮区损伤等方面取得了较大进展,上述技术可以单独在临床上应用或与断层皮片移植联合使用,以减轻断层皮片移植带来的相关并发症,但上述技术仍需进一步的临床研究和实验,以更好地应用于临床实践。

Split-thickness skin grafting is currently an important method for treatment of large skin loss.However,split-thickness skin grafting is limited by donor-skin availability,especially in large burns.In addition,the donor-site wound is associated with injury and scarring.Multiple techniques have been developed to overcome these limitations,including epidermal suction blister grafting,autoepidermal suspension graft,Xpansion Micrografting System,fractional skin harvesting,tissue engineering skin,etc.Great progress has been made in enlarging the graft coverage area and alleviating the injury of the donor site.The above techniques can be used alone or in combination with split-thickness skin grafting to alleviate the complications associated with the transplantation of split-thickness skin,but the above techniques still require further clinical researchs and experiments to better apply to clinical practice.