论以专利许可使用费确定侵权赔偿额——基于《专利法》第65条规范功能及适用顺位的检讨

Analysis of Determining the Amount of Compensation for Infringement by Using Patent Royalties ——Based on the Review of the Function and Applicable Order of Article 65 of the Patent Law

在专利侵权损害赔偿额的确定上,法定赔偿过高频率被使用,而专利合理许可使用费制度并未受到应有之重视。专利许可使用费作为专利使用权与货币交换媒介,是商品经济中专利价值的直观体现,其适用具有经济上和法律上的合理性。至于具体条款之适用,一方面,检视《专利法》第65条规范,应当肯定权利人实际损失、侵权人获益和专利许可使用费之间的顺位关系,并辅之以独立的、可供权利人自主选择的法定赔偿制度,给予专利权人最大限度的保护;另一方面,借鉴美国成熟经验,降低对专利许可使用费条款适用的条件,结合国情实际予“Georgia-Pacific要素”准则以本土化,以便确定合理的损害赔偿额。

In judicial practice,the statutory compensation system is applied at a high ratio,which lead to hasty judgment.In the meantime,the patent royalties system has not been due attention,which should be further identified.The patent royalties is a visual representation of the patent value in the commodity economy as the patent right and the currency exchange medium.Its application has economic and legal rationality.We should affirm the sequence relationship between the actual loss of the right holder,the benefit of the infringer and the patent royalties,and supply it with an independent legal compensation system that can be independently chosen by the right holder to give the patentee maximum protection.Besides,we should learn from the mature experience of the United States,reducing the conditions for the application of patent licensing terms and localizing the Georgia-Pacific element criterion according to the actual national conditions,so as to determine the reasonable damages.