4种耕作方式对玉米主要农艺性状的影响

Effects of Four Cultivation Methods on the Main Agronomic Characters of Maize

采用通过传统翻耕、免耕、秋季深松和春季深松4种耕作方式,探讨不同耕作方式对春玉米出苗率、叶面积指数、单株干物质积累量、根系干重垂直分布情况和产量及其构成因素的影响。结果显示,春季深松与免耕影响正常出苗率;秋季深松能够显著提高叶面积指数与干物质积累量;2种深松处理均能提高根总干重与21~40cm土层根的占比;不同处理产量由高到低依次为秋季深松、传统翻耕、春季深松、免耕。在该试验条件下,山西晋东南地区采用秋季深松和传统翻耕隔年循环的方式来获得高效生产。

Four cultivation methods of plowing tillage, no-tillage,subsoiling in autumn and subsoiling in spring were adopted to determine the effects of different tillage methods on emergence rate, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation per plant, the vertical distribution of root dry weight, yield and its components of maize. The results showed that subsoiling in spring and no-tillage treatments decreased the emergence percentage of maize;leaf area index and single trunk dry matter accumulation significantly increased with the cultivation methods of subsoiling in autumn;total dry weight of root and the proportions of roots in soil layer21-40 cm both increased effectively by two subsoiling treatments;yields of different treatments from high to low were in the order of subsoiling in autumn, plowing tillage, subsoiling in spring, no-tillage. Cultivation method of the circulation of subsoiling in autumn and traditional tillage could obtain high efficiency in Southeastern Shanxi under the trial condition.