山东招远扇贝养殖区水质状况调查与评价

Investigation and Evaluation on Water Quality of Scallop Aquaculture Areas in Zhaoyuan of Shandong Province

[目的]为了解山东招远扇贝养殖区海水水质状况,加强养殖区环境保护。[方法]在2018年5—10月对该养殖区进行调查,并采用有机污染评价指数(A)法、营养状态指数(E)法、营养状态质量指数(NQI)评价法和内梅罗综合污染指数(P)法对该海域水质状况进行分析与评价。[结果]调查海域扇贝养殖区水温和pH分别为17.28~27.28℃和7.97~8.30,均符合海水水质二类标准,适宜扇贝养殖;盐度为30.16‰~31.40‰,变化幅度小,适宜扇贝生长;溶解氧和化学需氧量分别为6.48~8.76和0.7920~1.9550mg/L,均达到海水水质一类标准;营养盐浓度、营养状态水平偏高,一定条件下易引发赤潮;内梅罗污染指数较低,水质较为清洁。[结论]总体上,此次调查海域水质状况普遍较好,达到二类或以上水质标准,适宜扇贝养殖。

[Objective] The research aimed to know the water quality of scallop aquaculture areas and strengthen the protection of aquaculture areas’ environment.[Method]The water quality of scallop aquaculture areas in Zhaoyuan, Shandong Province was investigated from May to October,2018. And the organic pollution assessment index ( A ), nutritional status index ( E ), nutritional status quality index (NQI) and Nemerow index ( P ) were used to evaluate the water quality of the area.[Result]The water temperature and pH were17.28-27.28 ℃ and 7.97- 8.30, which were accorded with Grade Ⅱ water quality standards and suitable for scallop culture. Salinity was 30.16‰-31.40‰ with a small variation range, which was suitable for the growth of scallop. The dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand was 6.48-8.76 mg/L and 0.792 0-1.955 0 mg/L, which accorded with Grade Ⅰ water quality standards. The concentration of nutrients and the level of nutrient state were on the high side. Under certain conditions, it was easy to cause red tide. Nemerow pollution index was lower and the water quality was cleaner.[Conclusion] In general, the water quality of the surveyed area was generally good and accorded with Grade Ⅱ or above water quality standards, which was suitable for scallop aquaculture.