阳离子乳液型清水剂的制备及其在油田污水处理中的应用

Preparation of cationic emulsion water clarifier and application in oily wastewater treatment

以二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)为阳离子单体,苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯为疏水单体,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10(OP-10)为乳化剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,采用乳液聚合法制备乳液型清水剂。优化了制备清水剂的工艺条件,考察了清水剂对油田污水的处理效果。实验结果表明:在x(DMDAAC)小于20%、n(苯乙烯)∶n(丙烯酸丁酯)为2∶1、乳化剂占单体质量分数为5%、引发剂占单体质量分数为0.5%的优化条件下可制备形成稳定的阳离子乳液清水剂;分子量越大、x(DMDAAC)越大,清水剂的除油效果越好;在x(DMDAAC)为20%、其他最优条件不变的情况下制备的Q20清水剂使用浓度为30mg/L时可使油田污水含油量从295mg/L降至13mg/L。自制清水剂的除油效果好于市售清水剂。

A cationic emulsion water clarifier was prepared by emulsion polymerization method using diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride(DMDAAC)as cationic monomer,styrene(St)and butyl acrylate(BA)as hydrophobic monomers,hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether(OP-10)as emulsifiers and ammonium persulfate as initiator. The process conditions for water clarifier preparation were optimized,and the treatment effect of the water clarifier on oily wastewater was investigated. The experimental results showed that:A stable cationic emulsion water clarifier can be prepared under the optimized conditions of x(DMDAAC)less than 20%,n(styrene)∶n(butyl acrylate)2∶1,mass fraction of emulsifier to monomer 5% and mass fraction of initiator to monomer 0.5%;The larger the molecular weight and the x(DMDAAC)are,the better the oil-removal effect is;When the water clarifier Q20,which was prepared under x(DMDAAC)20% and other optimal conditions,was used for treatment of oilfield wastewater with 30 mg/L of addition,the oil content of the oilfield wastewater could be reduced from 295 mg/L to 13 mg/L. The oil-removal effect of the self-made water clarifier is better than that of commercially available ones.