口腔运动干预对早产儿经口喂养的影响

Effects of Oral Motor Interventions on Oral Feeding in Preterm Infants

目的:探讨口腔运动干预(OMI)对早产儿喂养效果的影响。方法:254名早产儿随机分为对照组(130名)及干预组(124名),对照组采取常规早产儿喂养,干预组采取OMI;对比两组早产儿的喂养能力评分、基础达标时间、肠外静脉营养使用(PN)时间、达全肠道喂养(TEN)时间、喂养过渡时间、喂养不耐受率、呼吸暂停发生率及消化道并发症发生率,同时比较矫正胎龄37周时体格指标增长情况。结果:喂养后第2、3、4周,干预组早产儿的喂养能力评分明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组早产儿基础达标时间、PN时间、TEN时间及喂养过渡时间短于对照组,喂养不耐受率、呼吸暂停发生率、消化道并发症发生率低于对照组,矫正胎龄37周时体质量、身长、头围明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:OMI对早产儿经口喂养能力的改善作用优于常规早产儿喂养。

Objective:To investigate the effect of oral motor interventions(OMI)on oral feeding in premature infants.Methods:254 preterm infants were randomly divided into control group(130)and intervention group(124).Control group was given the routine preterm infant feeding nursing,and the intervention group was given OMI treatment.Comparing following index of both groups:feeding ability score,basic standard time,PN time,TEN time,feeding transition time,feeding intolerance,apnea incidence rate and digestive tract complications,and the growth of physical index at 37 weeks of gestational age.Results:Feeding ability of preterm infants in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);basic standard time,PN time,TEN time,feeding transition time of intervention group were shorter than that of control group;feeding intolerance,apnea incidence rate and digestive tract complications rate were lower than that of control group;the growth of the physical index of the preterm infants in the intervention group was obviously superior to the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:OMI improves the oral feeding ability of preterm infants better than that of routine preterm infants.