金融风险处置过程中防范道德风险的国际经验及启示

International Experience and Implications on Preventing Moral Hazard in the Process of Financial Risk Resolution

维护金融安全、防控金融风险是关系我国经济社会发展全局的一件战略性、根本性大事,党的十九大将防范化解重大风险作为决胜全面建成小康社会三大攻坚战的首要战役。2015年5月1日,我国存款保险制度正式施行,初步建立了市场化的金融机构风险防范和处置机制。对存款保险制度研究表明,设计不好的存款保险制度容易引发道德风险,并增大金融风险发生的可能性。本文总结了近年来国际上金融风险处置过程中防范道德风险的相关经验,以期对完善我国风险防范和处置机制有所借鉴。

Maintaining financial security, preventing and controlling financial risk is a strategic and fundamental event for the overall situation of China’s economic and social development. The 19 th CPC national congress took preventing and defusing major risks as the first battle of the three major battles to complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. On May 1, 2015, China’s deposit insurance system was officially implemented, initially establishing a market-oriented risk prevention and disposal mechanism for financial institutions. The research on deposit insurance system shows that poorly-designed deposit insurance system can easily cause moral hazard and increase the possibility of financial risk. This paper summarizes the relevant experience of preventing moral hazard in the process of financial risk disposal in the world in recent years, so as to provide reference for improving the risk prevention and resolution mechanism in China.