五鹿山国家级自然保护区药用植物多样性研究

Study on Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Wulushan National Nature Reserve

以2012年五鹿山国家级自然保护区综合科学考察报告及蒲县县志为基础,结合相关文献,分析五鹿山药用植物资源的多样性。结果表明:五鹿山有药用植物45科128属179种;最丰富的科为菊科、蔷薇科、百合科及毛茛科(种数≥10),最丰富的属是蒿属、堇菜属(种数>5);大多药用植物分布高差为400m以下(含400m),80.4%分布在针叶阔叶混交林带;植物药用部位以全草为主;生活型以多年生草本植物为主,占总数的50.8%;有党参、苦参、地黄、黄芩、北柴胡5种道地药材;有珍稀濒危濒危植物5科7属7种;植物药用功能主要为清热解毒。

This paper analyzed the diversity of medicinal plant resources in Wulu Mountain based on the comprehensive scientific investigation report of Wulushan National Nature Reserve in 2012, Puxian County Annals and relevant literatures. The results showed that there were 179 species, 128 genera and 45 families of medicinal plants in Wulu Mountain.The most abundant families were Compositae, Rosaceae, Liliaceae and Ranunculaceae (number of species ≥10), and the most abundant genera were Artemisia and Viola(number of species >5). The distribution of most medicinal plants had the altitude difference of 400 meters or less(including 400), 80.4% were distributed in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest belt. The main medicinal parts of plants were herbs and the perennial herb accounted for 50.8%. There were 5 species of authentic medicinal materials including Codonopsis pilosula, Sophora flavescens, Rehmannia glutinosa, Scutellaria baicalensis and Bupleurum chinense and 7 species of rare and endangered plants belonging to 7 genera and 5 families. The main medicinal functions were heat-clearing and detoxification.