版纳甜龙竹笋早发多发技术措施试验

Experiment on Technologies for Early Shooting and High Yield of Bamboo Shoots of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii

对云南省勐海县竹类科技园的版纳甜龙竹笋用林进行4因素3水平正交试验L9(34),即施肥、晒塘、覆盖、断顶4种处理,每种处理3个水平。结果表明,施肥可明显提高竹笋总产量,达到极显著差异;晒塘、覆盖和断顶都能明显提高提前发笋产量,达到显著或极显著差异;施肥、晒塘和覆盖都能提高经济效益,而断顶对提高经济效益没有达到显著差异。版纳甜龙竹笋早发多发技术措施最优组合为在春节后对竹篼晒塘30天,原表土恢复后,再用砻糠覆盖20cm厚,在10中旬施底肥(农家肥),3月中旬施第一次追肥(尿素+复合肥),6月中旬施第二次追肥(尿素+复合肥),能明显提高其发笋总产量、提前发笋产量和经济效益。

The orthogonal test L9 (3^4) of 4 factors (fertilization, drying pond, covering and breaking top)and 3 levels was carried out on bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii in Bamboo Science Park of Menghai County,Yunnan Province.The results showed that the fertilization could significantly increase the total yield of bamboo shoots and the difference was very significant. The yield of early shoots could be significantly increased by drying pond, covering and breaking top and the difference was very significant or significant.The treatments of fertilization,drying pond and covering increased the economic benefits, but the top breaking had no significant difference in improving the economic benefits. The optimal technology for early shooting and high yield of bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii was that the bamboo stump was dealt with drying pond for 30 days after the Spring Festival, and the rice chaff of 20cm thick was used to cover the original surface soil after recovery with the base fertilizer (farmyard manure) in mid - October, the top application for the first time (urea + compound fertilizer)in mid - March and the top application for the second time (urea + compound fertilizer)in mid - June, which could significantly improve the yield, shooting time and economic benefit of bamboo shoots.